Various types of energy conversion and storage devices have been developed in recent years to tackle with the problems of the over-consumption of fossil fuels and the environmental pollution they cause. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the key half-cell reaction of many energy conversion and storage devices. The influences of the heteroatom doping of metal-free carbon-based electrocatalysts with N, P, S or B and co-doping with N/P or N/S on their performance as OER electrocatalysts are reviewed. Doping methods to prepare metal-free carbon-based electrocatalysts are summarized, and problems that need to be solved are discussed and challenges for future research are proposed.
Frontiers Biomass-derived carbon nanostructures and their applications as electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution and oxygen reduction/evolution
The influence of heteroatom doping on the performance of carbon-based electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reactions
Latest insights on eco-friendly metal based-electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction: Challenges, and future perspectives - ScienceDirect
Eco-friendly catalyst and materials research explores pathways to renewable energy
A review of oxygen reduction mechanisms for metal-free carbon-based electrocatalysts
N-doped defect-rich porous carbon nanosheets framework from renewable biomass as efficient metal-free bifunctional electrocatalysts for HER and OER application - ScienceDirect
Recent advances in multilevel nickel-nitrogen-carbon catalysts for CO2 electroreduction to CO
PGM-free carbon-based catalysts for the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction: active sites and activity enhancement
XRD (a) and Raman patterns (b) and Nitrogen adsorption‐desorption
Machine learning-accelerated prediction of overpotential of oxygen evolution reaction of single-atom catalysts. - Abstract - Europe PMC
PDF] Mesoporous Single-Atom-Doped Graphene–Carbon Nanotube Hybrid: Synthesis and Tunable Electrocatalytic Activity for Oxygen Evolution and Reduction Reactions